Eugene theodore noualhier



5. T.. NIOUALHIER.

, Chimney-BOWL Patented Sepf; 29,1868-1 Wheasg N. PETERS. FHOTO-U'I'HOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D O EUGENE THEODORE NOUALHIEB, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

Letters Patent No. 82,632, dated September 29, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHIMNEY-GOWLS.

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TO ALL WHOMIT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, EUGENE Tni'iononn Nounnnrnn, of No. 55 Rue Fontaine-au-Roi, Paris, department o the Seine, in the Empire of Frahcc, have invented an improved'apparatus for extracting or exhaustipg and expelling vitiated air, noxious'exhalations, or deleterious vapors from dwellings or any other places; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

My apparatus is intended to apply on the tops of chimneys, or in any other position exposed to the mud, and to make the wind available in aiding the exhaustion of the smoke or other foul air from the flue or space below. It is provided with a vane which turns the upper portion, so that a free exit is provided on the leeward side. This general idea has been applied in various forms for many years, but never, so far as I am aw r combination with the additional devices by which I promote its useful effect.

I will first describe what I con sider the best means'of carrying out my invention, and afterwards designate the points which I believe to be new therein. i

The accompanying drawings' form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus or ventilator complete, and

Figure 2 is a central vertical section.

The additional figures represent some of the details detached, and will readily explain themselves.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures. I

A is a cylindrical casing, which is connected with the top of the chimney, or pipe, or flue which communicates with the rooms to be exhausted. B and C are tapering pipes, fixed around this pipe A. The upper edge of the lowermost tapering or nearly conical structure B, isjoined directly to the exterior of the pipe A. The upper edge of the upper conical tapering pipe 0 is at a little distance off from the upper edge of the pipe A,

so as to leave an annular space extending quite around. The wind approaching from either side, strikes in the space between the casings or pipes B and O, and is deflected upward through the annular space at the top. Vertical division-plates D are introduced in the space between B and C, which prevent the wind from blowing across, and compel it to be deflected directly upward. i

A cylindrical extension, E, of the outer plate 0, carries two cross-bars e e, whiph support a central pivot, f, on which is mounted a revolving cap by means of a hollow socket, as represented. The hollow socket is marked G, and the thin sheet metal of the lower portion of the cap is marked H. Thisisformed, as represented, so as to loosely enclose the fixed casing E at the bottom, and so as to provide an ample channel gradually deflected from the vertical to or near the horizontal direction, for the escape of the smoke or other foul air.

A proper vane, M, being provided to turn the revolving cap always witheach change of wind, it will be readily understood that the smoke or foul air rising through the pipe A, is not only allowed a free egress on the leeward side of the revolving cap H, but is also aided in its progress by the more or less strong upward current, induced by the wind to flow through the annular space between the casing C and top of the-pipe A. This current flows along between the foul air and the enclosing walls, and not only relieves the foul air from any resistance which might be due to friction against the enclosing walls, but powerfully aids it by interposing a 'thin stratum of air which is moving in the same direction as the foul air is required to move.

The exit of the gaseous matter from the hood above described is still further promoted by the additional parts represented.

I is a ring, or partial ring, of sheet metal, in the form of the frustum of a cone, mounted, as represented, on the revolving parts, so thatit changes its position with each change of the latter, or, in other words, revolves with it. J is a wider ring, or partial ring, slightly conicalin the opposite direction, and cut wider on the upper than on the lower side, so as to overhang, as represented. There is an annular space extending nearly around between the mouth of the inner hood II and the outer hood I J. The part I catches wind, andinduces an active current through and around nearly the entire periphery of the discharge-mouth of the inner hood H. It follows that the escape of the gaseous matter from the inner hood H is still farther promoted by. the divergence or conical form of the part J, and by the presence of an active current of air between the inner and outer hood in the same direction as the discharged gases are to move. The overhanging of the part J at the final exit, defends the apparatus against the entrance of rain or snow under.,any conditions. If the final discharge were in the form represented for the hood H, without any external protection, it would be well adapted for the discharge of the gaseous matter, but when rain or snow should fall 'in a calm, a quantity would be liable to be received through its mouth.

The vane M is braced on each side by a rod or wire, in, and may be made larger or smaller, as may be required under any circumstances. I esteem it desirable to balance the revolving cap, by making the gravity of the vane very slight, and increasing the weight of the opposite side, so as to reduce the friction of the revolving parts to the smallest possible amount. It is desirable to make the entire revolving part turn with a very slight current of air.

The theory of my invention, inproducing a partial vacuum in the pipe A, is analogous to that of many other exhausting-ventilators, but the form and arrangement of the parts give a superior effect in the several points above noted. I propose to employ the apparatus in every position where an exhaustion is required, and

where a current of air, either the natural current of the atmosphere or any other, may be available.

Having now fully described my apparatus, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

The tapering concentric pipes or cases B and G, arranged as represented, relatively'to the flue A, and adapted to receive the wind and deflect it upward, as represented, the space between B and C being divided in compartments, and theentire apparatus combined with a revolving hood, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

' NOUALHIER.

Witnesses:

D. Launafivm, 0. E. F, (Jonas. 

